Emphysema centrilobular
Emphysema centrilobular
In people with a deficit alphaantitrypsin (a-1-AT) – the main inhibitor of proteases, including elastase. Its synthesis is encoded near genes, the presence of homozygous ZZ phenotype is accompanied by low activity of protease inhibitors. These people are not going inactivate elastase liberated by neutrophils in inflammatory processes in the lungs that leads to damage them buy Noroxin. Smoking and inhalation of dust aggravate the process.
Signs formed of emphysema (barrel chest, dyspnea, cyanosis, fingers as drumsticks, pulmonary heart) usually appear at a young age, rarely in adolescents. (more…)
Pneumonia chronic
Pneumonia chronic – chronic nonspecific bronchopulmonary process characterized by irreversible morphological changes in the form of deformation of the bronchus and pneumosclerosis in one or more segments and accompanied by a recurrence of inflammation in lung tissue and (or) bronchus.
Etiology.
It may be caused by various reasons. Myocardial infarction caused by heart failure and arising in connection with the violation of the outflow of blood from the pulmonary blood vessels. In patients with essential hypertension or anemia occurs mainly due to excitation of the autonomic nervous system that leads to a redistribution of blood in the body and its accumulation in the pulmonary system. The same thing happens with injuries and diseases of the brain. In uremia, poisoning and toxic substances (chlorine, phosgene) in the development of pulmonary edema huge role played by the increased permeability of the walls of pulmonary capillaries. Whatever the cause of pulmonary edema leads to disruption of breathing and hypoxia. One of the first symptoms – shortness of rapid breathing (dyspnea), patient anxiety, increased heart rate. In the future, breathing becomes hoarse and even choking, coughing appears to release a white or pink frothy sputum buy Revatio online. This foam prevents the flow of air in the alveoli of the lungs, the patient develops anoxia, one of the signs of which – cyanosis of the skin and mucous membranes (cyanosis).