Prevention and symptoms of malaria disease
What is malaria?
Malaria – a group of vector-borne diseases. Characterized by acute attacks of fever and anemia. Malaria is caused by Plasmodium parasites, vectors – blood-sucking female mosquito genus anopheles.
The source of infection – a sick man and a carrier of the parasite. The disease is common in South-East Asia and Africa.
Prevention and symptoms of malaria disease
Symptoms, signs and course of malaria.
The duration of the incubation period with a three-day malaria, 14-20 days in the south, 7-14 months in the north, with tropical malaria 8-16 days. Many patients often appear prodromal (initial) symptoms: weakness, weakness, appetite loss, sleeping, chilling with mild fever, headache, and pain in muscles and joints buy Revatio. It lasts 2-3 days. Then a typical febrile seizure. A typical attack starts with a chill: of course cold, the tip of the nose and lips bluish. Stunning chill 30-40 minutes followed by heat. The temperature rises to 40-41 degrees Celsius. The patient’s condition deteriorates. Concerns are emerging, shortness of breath, severe headache, dizziness, back pain, extremity. Skin is dry, often grayish-yellow color, tongue coated white bloom. Palpation of the abdomen is painful. After 6-12 hours the heat is replaced by then. Critical temperature drops to subnormal. Interictal There comes a pause, the duration of which is connected with the periodicity of the process schizogonic – asexual reproduction in the human malaria parasite: 1 day at 3-day or 2 days at 4-day malaria.
Seizures may occur at any time of day. The number of paroxysms in the fresh, primary malaria reaches 8-12. In some cases, the parasites die and recovery occurs in the other – the circulation of the pathogen in the blood continues and possible early and late relapses.
Since the first attacks of malaria are increasing the size of the liver and spleen. There is growing anemia, leukopenia, neutropenia, increased ESR. The most difficult proceeds tropical malaria, in which there is a threat of malaria coma (severe general intoxication, altered mental status, meningeal phenomena) due to the impact of parasites on the central nervous system.
Recognition of malaria.
Diagnosis is based on clinical and laboratory data and epidemiological history. All patients with suspected malaria conducted microscopic examination of blood (thick blood smear and). Detection of parasites is the only indisputable proof. Applied research and serological methods (XRF, Phragmites).
Treatment of malaria.
Sent to the fact that acute bouts of nausea, destroy gametes – reproductive cells of malarial parasites to stop transmission of infection and relapse. Medications are used quinine and 4-aminohinolinovye derivatives (primaquine, do Lago, fanzimif, etc.) on certain schemes.
